Essay on Man vs. Environment in To Build a Fire by Jack...

One can express many different types of themes in Jack London’s, â€Å"To Build a Fire†. Though I feel strongly that London’s theme in the story is about that the environment shapes who we are because it shows that the man is not strong enough to live up to his environment. Allowing the environment to kill the man indicates that he is weak both mentally and biologically, while on the other hand the dog is stronger by surviving the same harsh environment. Instinct superior to reason is another theme that is highly portrayal able in London’s story. In order for the dog to survive and the man to die, the dog required instinct, of which the man lacked. The man did acquire reason and observance but not good enough to allow him to reach his goal†¦show more content†¦The man is also weak in the face of nature as nature tortures him with the physical accidents the man suffers. He firstly begins when his cheekbones and nose went numb and becomes worse as h e looses touch and grasp of his hands, finishing off with the freezing of his corpse and sudden stiff death. London exclaims about the accounts the man has suffered, â€Å"This man did not know cold.† (London, 487) and â€Å"He was loosing in his battle with the frost.† (London, 493) I do agree because the man is a new comer, a chechaquo, meaning that it is the man’s first contact with such freezing environment. The man constantly through out the story efforts in combating against the forces of nature that he can not control the reason being because he was inexperienced to such environment, therefore the man is bound to be with the odds and like London exclaims, loose his battle with his environment. The environment shaped him such that it proved he is not fit enough to live in the extreme cold. Alternatively, the dog has a different biology make up than the human. The husky dog has a thick furry coat cuddling his warm body. Even though the dog probably never experienced such climate as the man, its biology make up allows the dog to survive and is therefore fit enough to support such extreme cold. The other difference between the man and the dog isShow MoreRelatedJack London s Observation Of Man s Foolish Confidence1711 Words   |  7 PagesThe man â€Å"was a newcomer to the land, a chechaquo, and this was his first winter.† Ice-bound regions of the world are fascinatingly unique and absolutely forbidding. Air so cold it whistles it’s warning to those who dare brave the hostility of the polar elements. It is a place where boys become men or perish by the unmerciful and unforgiving power of nature. It’s human nature to think wisely and act foolishly for nature itself is full of hidden menaces. It is risky to underestimate the significanceRead MoreJack London s Observation Of Man s Foolish Confidence1780 Words   |  8 Pagesconsequences and even to death. Jack London’s observation of man’s foolish confidence in the face of nature’s power forms the story â€Å"To Build A Fire†. Written in 1908, this mesmerizing masterpiece exemplifies the struggle between nature vs. man and why the icy parts of the earth are natures expressions of the truth that fear leads to wisdom, and that only fools despise such wisdom. The m This story is about a man who decides to travel alone through the harsh environment of the Yukon when the temperatureRead MoreAnalysis Of To Build A Fire By Jack London1006 Words   |  5 PagesThe short story, â€Å"To Build a Fire,† written by Jack London took place on the Yukon trail. Further analysis led to the discovery that the story took place in Alaska. The setting became an important aspect within this story due to how much description was given to how cold it was. The cold weather suggests that the time of year was during the winter months. The setting of the story reminds readers that there are harsh places in the world, where nature becomes overwhelmingly powerful. The short storyRead MoreNaturalism Literary Period2601 Words   |  11 Pagesthe heroine within, when all (environment, opportunities, intuition) seems out of control. This type of literature was found relatable during the rapid urbanization and naturalization after the Civil War, where many in bustling developing cities suffered from poverty and its poorly prevented consequences. The American naturalist movement was important due to the introduction of themes involving popular apprehension during this time period including; man vs. nature, man vs. society, sex trade, wastedRead MoreThe Effect Of Sleep Deprivation On Academic Performance Of College Students Essay2242 Words   |  9 Pagesthoughts from Kevin Morgan, a psychology professor, regarding working through the night. When asked about the possible benefits of staying up all night to work, Morgan responded, â€Å"There are fewer distractions at night †¦ [and] †¦ you can control your environment† (Lawson). Whi le this may be true, the disadvantages of working through the night extremely outweigh the benefits. Scott Geller, an Alumni Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, discusses sleep in the textbook entitled, Psychology: The ScienceRead MoreGreat Expectations- Character Analysis Essay10289 Words   |  42 PagesEstella Havisham: Most readers are appalled at the cold-hearted and cruel ways of Estella, but any criticism directed at her is largely undeserved. She was simply raised in a controlled environment where she was, in essence, brainwashed by Miss Havisham. Nonetheless, her demeanor might lead one to suspect that she was a girl with a heart of ice. Estella is scornful from the moment she is introduced, when she remarks on Pips coarse hands and thick boots. However, her beauty soon captivates PipRead MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20768 Words   |  84 PagesTrends†©in†©the†©Marketing†©Environment .................................................................................. 45†© Demographic†©Environment ................................................................................................................................................ 45†© Economic†©Environment................................................................................................ ........................................................ 47†© Natural†©Environment ...............Read MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20779 Words   |  84 PagesTrends†©in†©the†©Marketing†©Environment .................................................................................. 45†© Demographic†©Environment ................................................................................................................................................ 45†© Economic†©Environment........................................................................................................................................................ 47†© Natural†©Environment ...............Read MoreBohlander/Snell-Managing Hr24425 Words   |  98 Pagesfaces. In addition, we briefly describe some of the provides current news updates on environmental factors that also affect the work of managers in a global setissues concerning HRM from ting. Just as with domestic operations, the dimensions of the environment around the world. Go to the form a context in which HRM decisions are made. A major portion of this Student Resources at: chapter deals with the various HR activities involved in the recruitment, http://bohlander.swlearning.com selection, developmentRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesFeigenbaum−Feigenbaum: The Power of Management Capitol 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy Text  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 4 THE POWER OF MANAGEMENT CAPITAL THE DEMANDS OF SUSTAINING PROFITABLE GROWTH IN A BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT WHERE THE FAST DEVOUR THE SLOW Our work in helping to increase the profitability of many of the world’s major companies (as well as our database surveys of many other companies) has made it clear that all this complexity has been changing the fundamental

Blindness By Jose Saramago s Blindness - 1646 Words

Extensionalism that is Presented in Blindness by Josà © Saramago A person is not just characterized by those particular circumstances that they find themselves in, but by how they respond to those moments. The phenomenal novel, Blindness, written by Jose Saramago, showcases the storyline of a country that encounters a widespread disease that leads to several people catching a type of blindness where they can only see white. The unfortunate people who have received the terribly contagious disease spreading around are to be isolated in an abandoned mental hospital to avoid the spreading of the blindness. Existentialism is the philosophy that one can be influenced tremendously from the external factors surrounding them. This is portrayed†¦show more content†¦She replied by saying, â€Å"My affection†¦ I m remaining to help you and the other people who may come here, however don t reveal to them I can see† (Saramago, 40). This quote proves that she is a very nice an d kind person who is always there for the people she loves and cares about. She would take the possibility of catching a disease where one can only see white in order to remain with her husband who is ill. By staying with her husband while he is in desperate need of help, she proves that she is one of the kindest characters in the novel. However, as the book progresses, her trait of kindness quickly fades away after experiencing an atrocious situation. A group of people, formed in the hospital, were collecting all the food from the patients, and the only way the people had a chance of retrieving it was by making the women have intercourse with the men of the group. When the doctor’s wife was forced to have intercourse, she was traumatized, and knew that she needed to find a way to end the catastrophe. In order to do this, she decided to kill the leader of the group, and stabbed him in the throat with a pair of scissors. The author describes the wife at that moment by writing, â€Å"she had blood on her hands and clothes†¦but she knew that if it were necessary, she would kill again† (Saramago, 192). This quote shows the readers how much the wife has changed because of one event that occurred. She went fromShow MoreRelatedCritique Of Blindness In Jose Saramagos Blindness1387 Words   |  6 Pages Critique of Blindness Human nature is defined by emotional expression, the desire to learn, individuality, and freedom of will. It enables people to make decisions on how they will conduct their daily interactions and, therefore, dictates how society will be run. Josà © Saramago’s novel, Blindness, tells the grim tale of a society devastated by a blindness epidemic known as the â€Å"white evil.† Without their sight, people are no longer able to act in a civilized manner and become aggressive towardsRead MorePlot and Literary Style Must Interact in an Effective Way838 Words   |  4 Pagestrying to communicate in the piece. Both â€Å"Blindness† by Josà © Saramago and â€Å"The New York Trilogy† by Paul Auster are novels in which the literary style used enhances the plot of the story. Similarly, the storyline justifies the reasons behind the use of that author’s particular style. Saramago’s style of writing reinforces the plot because it represents and explains the events and psychological struggles endured by each individual in the novel. In Blindness, the narrator does not reveal the characters’Read MorePhilip Zimbardo’S Famous Quote Was Inspired From His Stanford1861 Words   |  8 Pageswho live there and they must continue with it as it is tradition although many would like to get rid of it. The last piece which won a nobel prize written in 1995 called â€Å"Blindness† originally written in portuguese by Jose Saramago. The story is about a sudden blindness that strikes the city and becomes epidemic and the blindness is actually white not black. The two pieces of literature along with Zimbardo’s Stanford experiment help support the argument that humans will activate their animalistic

Guide to Manufacturing and Service Operations †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Guide to Manufacturing and Service Operations. Answer: Introduction: Operation management is the function of the business which is responsible for managing the process of creation of the goods and services. It includes various functions such as planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling all the resources of the organization which are required for the purpose of producing goods and services of the organization. Operation management can be considered as management function which involves managing of people, equipment, information, technology, and resources which are required in the production chain. It can be said that operation management is the central core function of every organization, regardless of companys size, industry, etc. This can be understood through an example of a pharmaceutical company such as Merck. Operation functions of this company is responsible to design all the functions which plans and coordinates all the resources needed to design, produce, and deliver the various pharmaceuticals to hospitals, pharmacies, and other locations where needed. Operation management is the key to the business because it is not possible to produce the goods for selling the consumers. This report states various components of operation managementin different organizations and how these components are related to the decision making and value chain. Evaluate, apply, and state the principles and quantitative methodologies which help in decision making in operations process planning, scheduling and inventory management. Also critically evaluate the role played by operations management in the strategic management of organizations and supply chains Output/Deliverable and parameters of the assessment. Lastly, paper is concluded with brief conclusion. Operations Management is considered as an activity of managing the resources which help in delivering and producing the products and services. The operations function is the part of the organization, and this function is responsible for production activity. Operation function is embedded in every kind of organization which is engaged in production and manufacturing. However, it must be noted that not every organization called this function as operations management. Managers of operations functions are those people who own specific responsibility for managing some or all kind of resources which are related to production and manufacturing. In some organizations operations managers are also known as fleet manager in a distribution company, the administrative manager in a hospital, or the store manager in a supermarket (Sanders, 2013). Operations related to organization: Operation functions are considered as most important function in the organization because it produces the goods and services, and because of these goods and services organization exists. It must be noted that operation management includes other functions also, and these functions are stated below: Marketing function: this function also includes sales, and marketing function is responsible to communicate the products and services of the organization to the market for the purpose of creating the request of consumers in terms of products and services. As stated above, there are number of Pharmaceuticals Company which tries to introduce their products to the consumers through different ways. The main marketing function of Merck is to provide appropriate and balanced information of the product to physicians and other health care providers (Merck, 2017). Product/service development function: this function is responsible for creating the new and modified products for the purpose of meeting the future expectations of consumer. Merck ensures various innovations in its products such as changes made in the density and formula of the medicines. Merck also make different innovations for the purpose of fighting with the new diseases and health care problems. Operations function: this function is responsible for fulfilling the request made by consumers in terms of services by producing and delivered the products and services. Operational plan of Merck includes various actions such as conversion of products, assemble of products, packaging of products and maintenance (INC, n.d.). The basic three components of operation management are inputs, transformation processes and outputs. Operation management involves the systematic process and control which help in transforming the resources into finished goods and services for consumers and clients. This process is known as input-transformation-output process which is used by every organization for producing goods and services by changing inputs into outputs. This process is also known as general transformation process model. Operation management is the process which takes set of resources for the purpose of transforming something or transformed themselves into the outputs which are products and services. Therefore, all the operations are directly related to this general inputtransformationoutput model, but they are differing in the nature of their specific inputs and outputs. Basic components in detail are stated below: Inputs: inputs are considered as transformed resources, and these resources are treated, transformed, and converted in process. It includes materials, information, and consumers. It must be noted that input resources area always dominant in position. The most important resources for Merck are Research development cost which results in successful output of drug. Output resources: it must be noted that products and services are different in nature, and the most obvious different is the tangibility which means products are tangible in nature but services are intangible in nature. It must be noted that services are shorter in nature and for particular time period, and products can usually be stored at least for particular time. Components are related to the decision making and value chain: How do you change the input resources of the business in the outputs in such manner that it has greater value as compared to the original cost occurred at the time of creating those outputs? This question is considered to the fundamental importance of the companies as it address the logic related to economic as it describes the reason of existence of the organization (Google, n.d.). It must be noted that manufacturing companies create the value by getting the raw materials and then converted those raw materials in some useful product. Then such products are bring by the retailer for the purpose of presenting them in such manner that it becomes convenient for customers to purchase it, and sometimes these products are supported by services also such as fitting, free advice, etc. value created and captured by the company is known as the profit margin, and it is stated as follows: Value Created and Captured Cost of Creating that Value = Margin. If organization creates more value then it becomes more profitable, and if organization provides more value to the consumers then in such case it builds competitive advantage. Understanding the process through which company can create the value and looking for other ways to add more value are the critical elements while developing the competitive strategy. Michael Porter discusses the relation between operations and value chain in his influential 1985 book "Competitive Advantage. This was the book in which Porter first introduced the concept related to value chain (IFM, 2017; Hariss, 2015). As per Porter, value chain is considered as set of activities that was carried out by the organization for the purpose of creating vales for customers. Porter also stated that main aim of value chain is to examine all the activities of the company, and the connection between those activities. The manner in which activities related to value chain are performed directly affects the cost and profit of the company. Therefore, this tool helps the organization in understanding the sources through which value can be created. Porter also states the primary activities which are directly related to the physical creation, sale, maintenance and support of a product or service. Primary activities include inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing sales, and lastly services. As stated operation is one of the primary activities of the value chain, and it includes transformational activities which transform the inputs into outputs, and these outputs are sell to consumers. It must be noted that operations systems create the value for the organization. In case of Merck Pharmacy, value chain includes various important steps and these steps are stated below: Manufacturing- first step of Pharmaceuticals value chain includes the production of medicine, and it includes the research development and also regulatory approval which allowed the medicine to be sold in the market for the purpose of final commercial transaction. Distribution- second step of value chain includes the transportation and handling of the medicine from the door step of manufacturer to the door step of end user. It must be noted that complexity related to transportation completely depends on the location of the manufacturing unit. It also includes handling requirements of the product, geographic requirement of the end user, etc. Dispensing- providing the correct medicine dosage and form to the right patient in a convenient and timely manner is the final step of the value chain of Merck Pharma (IMS, 2014). Evaluate the principles related to operations planning process: Operation process planning states the procedure through which product is to be manufactured and because of this it is considered as key element in the process of manufacturing. It play important role in determining the cost of components and also affects the activities related to factory, competitiveness of company, planning related to production, production efficiency, and product quality. Process planning is considered as link between the design and manufacturing, and it includes various level of process planning activities. It must be noted that few years back in product engineering and development, process planning mainly aims to determine the general method of production, and this selected general method directly affects the design constraint. In the last stages related to design, it is necessary for designer to consider the ease of manufacturing for making the product economic in nature. It must be noted that only part of design data is transferred from engineering to manufactu ring and in this process planners develop the package of detailed work for manufacturing a part. Dimension and tolerations are also determined at each stage while processing the workpiece (WWF, 2007). Process planning also considers the sequence related to operation and how to utilize the tools of machine. It also specified the cutting tools, fixtures, gauges and other accessory tooling. Various organizations wants to become leaner and more productive, and for thee organizations it is necessary that they must make adjustments in their operations and to avoid the repetitive and unnecessary steps. However, mangers of operations department must consider that changes made in process planning affects all the employees such as customer service representative to the picker on a production line. It is clear from the above scenario that decision taken by operation managers affects day to day performance of the organization either in negative way or positive way. Following are the principles and quntitative methodologies which assist in decision making in operation process planning: Checking resources- while making changes in the operation process planning and while taking the decision, it is necessary to check the availability of resources. In other words, while taking the decision related to process planning, mangers of operation department must check that required tools, resources, products are available for the purpose of facilitating the change. During this decision making step, budgetary consideration is provided and initial cost estimates are made. It can be said that, this step related to the decision-making process involves research and reconnaissance. Merck must Scheduling changes- operation manager must determine the time which is suitable for applying the proposed change and this can be understood through example which states a small business that ships products from central warehouse must not overhaul the equipment of warehouse during a peak sales season, like the holidays. It is necessary for decision makers must schedule changes during low production periods and also assign realistic timelines for the proposed changes. Managers of operation department must verify that schedule is realistic in nature with a start and finish date. Asking analytical questions: managers must ask analytical questions at the beginning stage of the decision-making process. Answer related to these questions either qualify or disqualify a proposed change in operation process. It is the duty of the person who proposed the changes to organize and quantify the information, and present their findings to the group. While discussing with the group leaders must ask what if questions and must present the scenarios that deal with potential issues and problems. Managers must evaluate the questions and answers compared the current system with the system after proposed changes. This step also helps in increasing the awareness of the weakness and strength which are associated with proposed changes. Assigning duties- operational decisions often involve changes in staffing. When operations are altered, it is necessary to provide cross training to some employees for the purpose of preparing the employees to work with new equipment or in new roles. During the process of decision making managers must consider the qualifications and also the abilities of the candidates, and also assigned the new duties to the new roles created. While assessing the employees who are affected by the proposed change managers considered education, experience and leadership. Training and Partnership- it is the job of employer to sell the proposed changes to the team by providing them training. It involves engagement of employees at early stage in decision making process, and it also helps the mangers by creating the sense of ownership in the upcoming changes. There are some cases in which operation leadership cancel the changes which are already implemented if they believe that employees of the organization are not prepared for new equipment or software. Operational leaders may provide the facility related to training workshops or hire a new employee which has knowledge related to these aspects so that he/she can provide training to others for the purpose of implementing the new process. Role of operation management in the strategic management and supply chain: The operations management is the most important tool of the organization. Presently, methods and procedures related to operation management must react in appropriate manner to every change which occurred internally and externally. It increases the need of strategic objectives in the organization which help in maximizing the market value of the organization, competitiveness maintaining or increasing, profitability, or in the survival of the organization. It must be noted that activities related to operation process are heterogeneous in nature, and these activities must be conducted in effective and efficient manner for the purpose of reducing its impact on environment. In other words, operation management activities must be conduct in such manner as it does not damage and distress the environment. Environment protection in context of operation management is complex in nature, and because of this it requires effective and efficient method for conducting the activities related to operation management. A rapid process of product innovation in todays market provides the impression that this process is messy in nature and also risky in context of environment. Organization rapidly deals with the changing expectations of the consumer and for providing innovative products to the consumer; organizations rapidly neglect the impact of their activities on the environment. Innovations scared the organizations because there is pressure from top level to meet the quarterly numbers present promised by management and this lead to negative impact on environments because for meeting these numbers experts opt such ways which are not friendly with the environment. All such activities result in higher failure in terms of innovation initiative calls because organization fails to examine the concepts stated by strategic management. It must be noted that strategic process is the most important part of the organization and by adopting the approach related to the strategic management organization can gain various competitive advantages. Therefore, there is need that organization must frame such process which helps in innovating the products and services of the organization by ensuring sustainability (Horvathova, Davidova, 2011).Merck Pharm consider all these points while ensuring strategic management through its operation plan process: Innovation is considered as result of the desire of organization to change, improve, and characterize its own structure for the purpose of meeting the expectations of the customer. Innovation has various side effects such as uncertainty and risk. Merck also ensure innovation in its medicines for the purpose of providing best medicine to its consumers at time. It must be noted that desire to bring change can also be related to internal environment of organization and these changes are associated with the individual or the organization system. It also includes external changes such as changes with are related to products and services offered by organization to the consumer. Therefore, organization ensures that its research and development process become more strong and reliable. Therefore, it can be said that innovation has capacity to change different things in different manner. As stated above, innovation must be sustainable in nature which means changes made by organization must affect the environment in positive manner. If innovation effects the environment in negative manner then it is harmful for society to make such changes (Farova, 2011). Various organizations adopt numerous business improvements methodologies for the purpose of improving their business performance. In this context Logistics as well as supply chain management is considered as crucial factors for the organizations to obtain the competitive advantage in the market. However, it must be noted that these factors get the attention from the early period of 1980. It must be noted that concept related to supply chain is not well understood and various experts stated that there is need of clear definition and conceptual frameworks on supply chain management. Supply chain management practices are defined as set of activities which are conducted by the organization to promote the effective management in supply chain. Supply chain of Merck Pharm for supplying the medicines are stated below: First step of this chain focus on raw material and packaging material, which means input resources are converted into output resources. Second step of supply chain includes material warehouses, which means store the input resources in the warehouse for using them in manufacturing the medicines. Third step of this chain includes the manufacturing units through which stored inputs are transported to the manufacturing units for the purpose of making final goods. Fourth step of supply chain of finished goods warehouses which includes storing the output resources (medicines) in the warehouse. Fifth step of supply chain includes distribute the final product to retailers and distributors. Lastly, products reached the consumers (Benson, 2015). It can be said that SCM practices is very much related with the operation management and competitive advantage, as it help in examining the following questions: Whether organizations which have high level of SCM practices got high level of competitive advantage. Whether organizations which have high level of SCM practices got high level of organization performance. After considering above facts, it is clear that operational planning process effects the strategic management and supply chain in negative manner also. Conclusion: After considering the above facts it is clear that operations management is the most important tool of the organization. Presently, methods and procedures related to operation management must react in appropriate manner to every change which occurred internally and externally. Operation functions are considered as most important function in the organization because it produces the goods and services, and because of these goods and services organization exists. It is an activity of managing the resources which help in delivering and producing the products and services. The operations function is the part of the organization, and this function is responsible for production activity. Operation function is embedded in every kind of organization which is engaged in production and manufacturing. A rapid process of product innovation in todays market provides the impression that this process is messy in nature and also risky in context of environment. Organization rapidly deals with the changing expectations of the consumer and for providing innovative products to the consumer; organizations rapidly neglect the impact of their activities on the environment. Innovation must be sustainable in nature which means changes made by organization must affect the environment in positive manner. Therefore, it is necessary that managers of operation management must consider this process seriously and effectively manage this program. References: Brown, J. (2016). Operating Systems That Enhance The Transferable Value Of Your Company. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnbrown/2016/07/15/operating-systems-that-enhance-the-transferable-value-of-your-company/#5120785140db. Case of the pharmaceutical industry, Working Paper, Centre for Research on Innovation. Cigolini R, Cozzi M, Perona M. (2004). A new framework for supplychain management: conceptual model and empirical test. International Journal of Operations and Production Management;24(1):714. Environment. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.462.5678rep=rep1type=pdf. Google. Value Chain Management. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=3cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiYwM39vKTXAhUDQY8KHWaEA38QFggyMAIurl=htt(p%3A%2F%2Fwww.springer.com%2Fcda%2Fcontent%2Fdocument%2Fcda_downloaddocument%2F9783790820317-c1.pdf%3FSGWID%3D0-0-45-563611-p173805023usg=AOvVaw0kNOqeMlxqYWU4f_6IsJ3v. Horvathova, P. davidova, M. (2011). Operations Management as Practice of Organizations' Strategic Management in Relation to the Environment. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.ipedr.com/vol11/2-R00005.pdf. IFM. Porter's Value Chain. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.ifm.eng.cam.ac.uk/research/dstools/value-chain-/. INC. Operations Management. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/operations-management.html. Sanderson, R. (2013). Definitive Guide to Manufacturing and Service Operations, The: Master the Strategies and Tactics for Planning, Organizing, and Managing How Products and Services Are Produced. Pearson ft Press. IMS, (2014). Understanding the pharmaceutical value chain. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.imshealth.com/files/web/IMSH%20Institute/Healthcare%20Briefs/Understanding_Pharmaceutical_Value_Chain.pdf. Merck, (2017). Sales And Marketing. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.merck.com/about/views-and-positions/sales-and-marketing/home.html. Harris, J. (2015). Value Chain Outreach Pharmaceutical Sector. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=3cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjtvp_pzKzXAhVBr48KHfKHCFUQFggtMAIurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.productstewards.org%2FResources%2FDocuments%2FValue-Chain-Outreach-Pharmaceutical-Sector-John-Harris.pdfusg=AOvVaw14tPnvNkyH_4iUoc5Fl4_j. WWF, (2007). Design Operational Plan. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=5cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjDmLrO06zXAhWLNI8KHeY2BBQQFgg5MAQurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.panda.org%2Fstandards%2F2_3_operational_planusg=AOvVaw354DnF21GgaxFqDDpSTTxy. Farova, K. (2011). Strategic management of Pharmaceutical company. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiWsKPj2azXAhVJvI8KHYZNAJQQFgglMAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fis.mendelu.cz%2Fzp%2Fportal_zp.pl%3Fprehled%3Dvyhledavani%3Bpodrobnosti%3D37499%3Bdownload_prace%3D1usg=AOvVaw1Ige4KJcHgjwRi7TrDre6n. Benson, M. (2015). Pharmaceutical industry supply chain. Retrieved on 3rd October 2017 from: https://marketrealist.com/2015/01/pharmaceutical-industry-supply-chain/

Customer Services for Fast Food and Restaurant- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCustomer Services for Fast Food and Restaurant. Answer: Introduction Customer services have a key role to play ensuring customer satisfaction. Customer service management is one of the most important activities that are taken up by any business organization, such that the customers could be retained. This assignment highlights two customer service encounters that I have experienced. The two experiences are attached in the appendix. The two experiences are analysed in details and the feelings regarding each of the experiences have been described. This assignment highlights the two major companies operating in Australia. Foodland is one of the largest retailers in Australia, and has thousands of loyal customers. KFC is another major fast food and restaurant chain operating in Australia. The customers services provided to the customers by both these companies are shed light upon in this assignment. Background With reference to the customer service encountered at Foodland, my feeling was good and positive. Though initially I was disappointed with the delay in the delivery of the products, along with rotten food products being delivered, yet, the positive and helpful attitude of the customer service executives helped me recover the disappointment. The customer service executives apologised several times, for the delay as well as for the rotten food products being delivered. However, they ensured that my orders would be replaced without additional charges. Moreover, as compensation, I will be given discount on my next 2 purchases with Foodland. The personalised service and compensation given to me, made me a happy and satisfied customer, looking forward to place several orders with Foodland. The factors that led to this feeling includes the personalised services that were given to me, along with the efficiency which was shown by the service executives (Blut et al. 2015). However, the other experience was not a good one. The complaint against KFC regarding less number of items being delivered along with stalled food being delivered, was completely ignored by the customer service executives (So et al. 2016). They denied the complains and blamed me for escalating a minor issue. The customer service executives failed to believe me, and misbehaved with me projecting it as my fault. I was disappointed and annoyed with the services and responses I received. The behaviour of the customer service executives triggered anger and disappointment (Lin and Bennett 2014). This experience was beyond my zone of tolerance and it resulted in escalating the complain to the highest levels. I was satisfied with the customer services provided to me by Foodland. However, the customer services provided by KFC, was disappointing. Discussion Customer services have a key role to play in business organizations. The gaps in the quality of services have to be identified, in order to ensure customer satisfaction and retention. The GAPS model of the service quality is an essential model that highlights various gaps in the expectation of the customers, and the services being provided. Figure 1: GAPS model of service quality (Source: Jahanshani et al. 2014) The gap 1 highlights the distance between the expectation of the customers and what the customer service executives and managers perceive. This gap could be reduced by carrying out survey research of the needs of the customers (Suryandari and Paswan 2014). The gap 2 is the gap between management perceptions and the actual specifications of the customers. It is important that the manager ensure that the organization is defining the level of services that are believed essential to be offered to the customers (Jahanshani et al. 2014). Gap 3 is the gap that is seen between the service delivered and customer driven service design standards (Lin and Bennett 2014). Gap 4 is the gap that is seen between the delivery of the customer experience and the things that are communicated to the customers (Jahanshani et al. 2014). However, the business organizations often exaggerate what they offer to the customers. However, the same is not delivered. Finally, gap 5 is the gap between the perceptions of the experience of customers and expectations of the services being offered to the customers (Suryandari and Paswan 2014). It is important that these gaps are identified and mitigated, such that the expectations of the customers meet with the services that are delivered. In case of the customer service of KFC, my dissatisfaction was triggered (Kursunluoglu 2014). The 5 gaps in this case were much wide and hence KFC failed to ensure customer satisfaction and customer retention. The lesser the gaps, the better is the customer services being provided to the customers. The qualities of services being provided, have to be monitored at a regular basis, thus ensuring achievement of customer satisfaction. The needs of the customers are to be collected in forms of feedback and incorporated such that the customer satisfaction could be achieved (Suryandari and Paswan 2014). The negative reactions that were triggered from the incident of KFC, needs to be eliminated. Conclusion Customer service management is important in ensuring customer retention and customer satisfaction. Lack of effective customer services will result in loss of customers (Orel and Kara 2014). This assignment highlights two experiences of customer services, one being a good one, while the other being a disappointing one. However, superior customer satisfaction and customer retention is important, such that loyal customers could be retained, along with attracting new customers. Moreover, quality assurance of the services and products being provided to the customers, have to be ensured as well. Thus, the importance of customer services has been discussed in this assignment. References Blut, M., Frennea, C.M., Mittal, V. and Mothersbaugh, D.L., 2015. How procedural, financial and relational switching costs affect customer satisfaction, repurchase intentions, and repurchase behavior: A meta-analysis.International Journal of Research in Marketing,32(2), pp.226-229. Jahanshani, A.A., Hajizadeh, G.M.A., Mirdhamadi, S.A., Nawaser, K. and Khaksar, S.M.S., 2014. Study the effects of customer service and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Kursunluoglu, E., 2014. Shopping centre customer service: creating customer satisfaction and loyalty.Marketing Intelligence Planning,32(4), pp.528-548. Lin, Z. and Bennett, D., 2014. Examining retail customer experience and the moderation effect of loyalty programmes.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management,42(10), pp.929-947. Orel, F.D. and Kara, A., 2014. Supermarket self-checkout service quality, customer satisfaction, and loyalty: Empirical evidence from an emerging market.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,21(2), pp.118-129. So, K.K.F., King, C., Sparks, B.A. and Wang, Y., 2016. Enhancing customer relationships with retail service brands: The role of customer engagement.Journal of Service Management,27(2), pp.170-193. Suryandari, R.T. and Paswan, A.K., 2014. Online customer service and retail type-product congruence.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,21(1), pp.69-76.

Serrial Killer Essays - Murder, Crime, Psychopathy, Serial Killer

Serrial Killer SERIAL KILLER Shaine Dolan The country has been gripped by fear and the serial killer has played right into that fear. The serial killer epitomizes the fear that police officers and the criminal justice cannot protect us. Serial killings account for less than one percent of annual homicides we have in America, yet they somehow touch the lives of almost every America. Serial killers are more common here in America then anywhere else in the world. Even though the likely hood of ever encountering a serial killer is very slim it is the serial killer that brings fear to many people in the Unites States. According to the book a serial killer kills several victims over a period of time. Almost all serial killers are sociopaths. They lack superego or conscience. A serial killer des not care about the humanity of his victims he does not empathize with them, or feel remorseful. Serial killers like the power they have over there victims. Most serials killers are driven sexually to kill. They like the physical contact with there victims. Sociopaths have a character flaw they care about inflicting pain and suffering because as far as they are concerned there victims are unfeeling objects. Killing makes these people feel superior not only to their victims but to the police investigators too. Serial murders have been around for a long time. The furthest it has been dated back to was in the 1400's. Serial murders are the hardest for police investigators to figure out. Most of the regular murders are done by someone who was close to the victim. Serial murders on the other hand are done at random within a group of people. Police call these stranger killings because neither victim, nor the victim's family knows the killer. This makes it very hard for police to find the killer. The FBI was able to study many serial killers and have developed a profile to help them catch serial killers. A typical serial killer is a white male that has grown up in a dysfunctional family with an abusive mother. But the most useful physiological insights come from the crime seen itself. The FBI discovered the each criminal mind commits a different signature crime. After over twenty years the FBI has made catching serial killers an art. Sociology

Samples Spm Essay Letter Writing - How to Get Your Dream Job

Samples Spm Essay Letter Writing - How to Get Your Dream JobSample Spm Essay Letter Writing is one of the most preferred methods of getting the business to accept your application. It is a process of writing an introduction letter and you need to be very creative in it so that you can turn your rejection into acceptance. This is the best way to get the employer to open up the door of acceptance for you. You need to know the techniques so that you can get the desired result.The first and foremost thing is that you need to have the right mindset and you need to be patient enough so that you can handle the situation with a calm mind. You must also think that no matter how many times the company rejects your application, you are just wasting your time. Instead, you can try to think that you are ready to take the matter into your own hands and then everything will come to you.The second point is that you must have the support of the sample Spm Essay Letter Writing software that you have u sed earlier. If the software is present, then it is the best way to learn more about the different techniques that you need to use for writing this type of letter.The third thing is that you must make a copy of the application or the test papers or the job advertisement. This can help you in writing a better introduction for your resume. A good example of sample Spm Essay Letter Writing software is the WordPerfect Essay Pro and the Minus 50 Essay Writing Software.After you have copied the form and the tests, then you must cut them up and arrange them into an essay. The key here is to put as much information as possible in your essay so that you can use the computer to write something meaningful.The fourth thing is that you must check the sample SpmEssay Letter Writing software for the spell checking. You should make sure that your writing is grammatically correct. Also, if you want to make any changes, then do so.Lastly, try making some grammar corrections or spelling corrections in your sample Spm Essay Letter Writing before you send it to the employer. This will ensure that the mail that is sent gets sorted out by the automated system of the software. In this way, you can avoid the mistakes and misunderstandings from happening while writing the introduction letter.

Airline Consumer Engagement Marketing Essay The WritePass Journal

Airline Consumer Engagement Marketing Essay Airline Consumer Engagement Marketing Essay Airline Consumer Engagement Marketing Essay ). Other steps involve customer development and retention (Bijmolt et al. 2010). The processes aim at attracting loyalty to the services of airline companies by engaging in vigorous campaigns of the same. In general, airline companies engage consumers through a process that begins from a careful selection of the same and ends at retention. They also engage consumers through carefully planned advertisement techniques (Bijmolt et al. 2010). Consumer Decision-Making Process Making a decision involves engaging in a process that would help decide the right course of action in a situation with more than one alternative. Young (2010) people develop risk-benefit frameworks in most situations to analyze the options that are present. An individual would want to make decisions that impact positively on his or her life. The outcomes of situations depend on the nature of decisions that individuals make. Decision-making processes also apply in situations where consumers need to choose between products and services. The airline industry has several companies that offer same or similar services. The theories that explain decision-making processes include cognitive dissonance, consistency theory, commitment, certainty effect, choice-supportive bias, confirmation bias, the scarcity principle, and reasoned action theory (Young 2010). Cognitive dissonance theory maintains that individuals always seek to minimize the extent of discomfort in contradicting situations (Young 2010). According to the theory, individuals experience discomfort due to the conflicting ideas in their minds (Cooper 2007). It explains that an individual in such a situation is likely to take the easy option of eliminating the source of discomfort (Young 2010). Cognitive dissonance affects how consumers process information in relation to various products and services. Individuals will always have ideas that conflict with their pre-conceived perceptions about certain companies. The diversity in ideas results from the emerging trends, the shifting needs and social circles (Young 2010). In social circles, everyone tends to defend what they believe to avoid the uncomfortable situations. For instance, an individual may experience cognitive dissonance when he receives a message that contradicts the value that he attaches to an airline company (Cooper 2007). A friend may try to convince him that there is another company that offers better services than the company he has been using. Marketers may use the concepts of this theory to present consistent information when engaging consumers. Consistency theory asserts that lack of constancy in the relationship between beliefs and actions evoke uncomfortable feelings in individuals (Little-John Foss 2008). It affirms that people wish to engage in acts that are consistent with their belief and cultural system. The discordance in the relationship between the belief system and actions evoke uncomfortable feelings. An individual in such a circumstance is likely to change the belief and value system to accommodate the emerging trends. Human beings have predetermined belief and value systems that they use to evaluate decisions before making them. In other words, the choice that people make should always be consistent with what they perceive as right or wrong (Little-John Foss 2008). Any slight variation between the belief system and the course of action evokes the feelings of discomfort in individuals. The consistency theory explains why some people are particular about the flight attendants who serve them in an airplane. The theory may not find much application in customer engagement compared to cognitive dissonance theory. Most processes engaged in the provision of airline services do not contradict the belief systems of individuals. The theory of certainty result discusses how probabilities of outcomes influence the behavior of individuals (Secchi 2011). The theory maintains that people tend to develop less interest in situations which present low probability outcome of the desired results (Loughran et al. 2012). Similarly, an individual will develop more interest in a situation if the probability of achieving the desired results is high (Secchi 2011). Individuals make choices on the basis of the probability of the outcome of the situation. They perceive outcomes based on their past experiences or the experiences of other people. For instance, engaging consumers through social media provides a platform that consumers may use to present their feedbacks. Some of the feedbacks can be critical of a company’s operations. If so many people acknowledge the efficiency in operation of an airline company, then people are more to likely seek the same services. In other words, people want to get a hint of what would happen if they were to make a particular decision. The behaviour pattern is driven by the need to eliminate the negative feelings that come from disappointments. People have various expectations regarding how they want the outcomes of various situations to become (Loughran et al. 2012). Most airline companies use influential personalities in advertisements to create an impression of better past experiences. The personalities convince potential consumers that the services of the company were better. The aim of the advertisements is to influence consumers to develop positive opinions regarding the services of the company. Maximization utility theory predicts that human beings behave as if they were economists and were business-minded. It asserts that an individual is likely to make a choice of a product that offers the greatest value for the least amount of money possible (Kahneman Thaler 2006). In extreme circumstances, the costs of products and services are more likely to influence the purchasing behaviour of individuals even if the quality is compromised. Inadequate resources influence this type of a decision-making process (Kahneman Thaler 2006). In normal circumstances, people will want high-quality result for fewer inputs. It explains why people like to bargain when purchasing products and services. In the airline industry, people tend to go for companies that offer quality services at affordable rates. It can be argued that the understanding of this theory also affects the pricing strategies of various airline companies (Kahneman Thaler 2006). For instance, most airline companies have differ ent classes of passengers; first class, second class and third class. The first-class passengers can afford high charges for the highest quality of service. The low-class passengers are the people who wish to use airline services, but are discouraged by the high charges. Choice-supportive bias theory explains that most people twist their memories to convince the present result that the decisions they made were the best (Ross 2009). The theory asserts that most people manipulate their memories to prevent the feelings of disappointment that the result presents. The case happens in situations where an individual has to take an early stand in the matter that involves multiple options. Individuals will always want to remember less negative things about situations that happened (Ross, 2009). In a business environment, the choice –supportive bias theory occurs for consumers who have used a particular product or service for a long time. Such consumers will always talk negatively about other products or services. It is an advanced level of brand loyalty that results from effective consumer engagement strategies. Various companies understand that subjecting prospective customers through effective and consistent consumer engagement sessions influences th e way they perceive the services. Consumers would continue to stick even if their services were relatively poor compared other companies (Ross, 2009). The principle of scarcity affirms that individuals are more likely to go for services and products that are scarce in the market, especially if the demand is high. Individuals tend to associate scarcity of products and services with quality. The notion is that the services or products could be scarce because several people went for them (Siebert 2008). If many people went for them then, they must have been impressive. The abundant supply of a particular service or product may create the impression that it is less desired by people (Siebert 2008). Most people analyze situations to ascertain the behaviours of others towards various products or services (Siebert 2008). The aim is to avoid first-hand experience of disappointing results. Airline companies understand this principle and use it to increase the consumption of their services. They create a demand crisis then offer limited opportunities for utilization of their services. The strategy encourages people to book flights in advance to avoid a last minute rush. The reasoned action theory explains that individuals engage in certain actions because they planned to do so (Tanachart Islam 2010). It also explains that the intention originates from his or her attitude towards that behavior (Tanachart Islam 2010). In this context, the intention serves as the basis for prediction of a behavior pattern. Beliefs and values influence the formation of attitudes regarding certain patterns of behavior (Smith Biddle 2008). Understanding people’s beliefs system is important in understanding their attitudes. Understanding attitudes helps in predicting what an individual plans to do in a circumstance. An individual is more likely to engage in a particular action if he or she believes that it is the right thing to do in the circumstance. What other people think of the choice plays a central role in influencing the actions of the individual. The theory recognizes that there are factors that limit the influence of people’s intentions towards en gaging in a particular behavior (Smith Biddle 2008). For instance, the airline companies are aware that many people wish to use their services but are incapacitated by the lack of financial resources. The understanding has compelled the airline companies to develop different classes of service; high class, middle class and the low class. Cognitive dissonance theory, maximization utility, the reasoned action and the theory of certainty provide realistic concepts for predicting the behavior of consumers. Companies are more likely to use them in designing and implementing consumer engagement strategies. Conclusion Companies in the airline industry engage consumers through an integrated marketing approach. The approach is influenced by the diversified nature of the market. The engagement process begins from the selection stage and ends at retention of customers. There are various theories that explain how consumers make decisions regarding products or services. Such theories include cognitive dissonance, consistency theory, commitment, certainty effect, choice-supportive bias, confirmation bias, the scarcity principle, and reasoned action theory. References Ashworth, G. J., Kavaratzis, M., (2010). Towards effective place brand management: branding European cities and regions. Internet Resource. Bijmolt, T., Leeflang, P., Block, F and Eisenbesiss M., (2010). Analytics for Customer Engagement, Journal of Service Research, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 341-356. Bowden, J., (2009). Customer Engagement: A Framework for Assessing Customer-Brand Relationships: The Case of the Restaurant Industry, Journal Of Hospitality Marketing Management, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 574-596, COOPER, J., (2007). Cognitive dissonance fifty years of a classic theory. Los Angeles, SAGE. Kahneman, D. Thaler, R.H., (2006). Anomalies: Utility Maximization and Experienced Utility, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 221-234. Littlejohn, S. W., Foss, K. A. (2008). Theories of human communication. Australia, Thomson Wadsworth. Loughran, T. A., Pogarsky, G., Piquero, A. R., Paternoster, R., (2012). Re-Examining the Functional Form of the Certainty Effect in Deterrence Theory. JQ: Justice Quarterly, Vol. 29, No.5, pp. 712-741. Posavac, S. S., (2012). Cracking the code: leveraging consumer psychology to drive profitability. Armonk, N.Y., M.E. Sharpe. ROSS, B. H., (2009). Advances in research and theory. Amsterdam, Elsevier. Secchi, D. (2011). Extendable rationality understanding decision making in organizations. New York, Springer. Shakeel-Ul-Rehman Ibrahim, M.S.. (2011). Integrated Marketing Communication and Promotion, Researchers World, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 187-191. Siebert, H., (2008). Economics of the environment: theory and policy. London, Springer. Smith, A. L., Biddle, S., (2008). Youth physical activity and sedentary behavior: challenges and solutions. Champaign, IL, Human Kinetics. Tanachart R., Islam, S.N., (2010). Designing an Efficient Management System: Modelling of Convergence Factors Exemplified by the Case of Japanese Businesses in Thailand. Heidelberg, Physica. Young Sally, K 2011, Application of the Cognitive Dissonance Theory to the Service Industry, Services Marketing Quarterly, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 96-112.